Bir \u00e7ox m\u0259nb\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259, ayr\u0131-ayr\u0131 s\u0259yyahlar\u0131n, salnam\u0259\u00e7il\u0259rin \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259rind\u0259 \u0130r\u0259van \u015f\u0259h\u0259rinin ad\u0131 Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n m\u00fch\u00fcm elm v\u0259 m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259t m\u0259rk\u0259zl\u0259rin\u0131n adlar\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda \u00e7\u0259kilir. Bu tarixi faktlar\u0131 t\u0259dqiqat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n dilind\u0259n d\u00fcnya ictimaiyy\u0259tin\u0259 \u00e7atd\u0131rmaq daha effektli add\u0131m oldu\u011fu \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn Femida.az sayt\u0131 Milli Elml\u0259r Akademiyas\u0131n\u0131n Tarix \u0130nstitutunun \u201cQaraba\u011f tarixi\u201d \u015f\u00f6b\u0259sinin elmi i\u015f\u00e7isi, Prezident Kitabxanas\u0131n\u0131n \u015f\u00f6b\u0259 m\u00fcdiri, tarix \u00fczr\u0259 f\u0259ls\u0259f\u0259 doktoru Nazim Mustafa il\u0259 h\u0259ms\u00f6hb\u0259t oldu.<\/p>\n
-Nazim m\u00fc\u0259llim \u0130r\u0259van \u015f\u0259h\u0259rinin tarixini t\u0259dqiq el\u0259y\u0259n aliml\u0259rd\u0259n birisiniz. Sizc\u0259 \u201c\u0130r\u0259van\u201d toponiminin yaranmas\u0131 hans\u0131 hadis\u0259 il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r?<\/b><\/p>\n
\u0130r\u0259van s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn m\u0259n\u015f\u0259yi il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 m\u00fcxt\u0259lif versiyalar m\u00f6vcuddur.<\/p>\n
M\u0259\u015fhur t\u00fcrk s\u0259yyah\u0131 \u00d6vliya \u00c7\u0259l\u0259bi \u0130r\u0259van\u0131 ya\u015fay\u0131\u015f m\u0259nt\u0259q\u0259si kimi, XV \u0259srin \u0259vv\u0259ll\u0259rin\u0259 aid edir. Onun yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6r\u0259, \u018fmir Teymurun tacirl\u0259rind\u0259n Xac\u0259 xan L\u0259hicani adl\u0131 tacir \u00e7ox m\u00fcnbit R\u0259van torpa\u011f\u0131na q\u0259d\u0259m qoymu\u015f, \u00f6z ail\u0259 \u00fczvl\u0259ri il\u0259 burada sakin olmu\u015f v\u0259 d\u00fcy\u00fc \u0259kini hesab\u0131na g\u00fcnd\u0259n-g\u00fcn\u0259 varlanaraq bu b\u00f6y\u00fck k\u0259ndin \u0259sas\u0131n\u0131 qoymu\u015fdur.<\/p>\n
Ba\u015fqa bir versiyaya g\u00f6r\u0259, \u0130r\u0259van \u015f\u0259h\u0259ri \u015eah \u0130smay\u0131l X\u0259tainin tap\u015f\u0131r\u0131\u011f\u0131 il\u0259 sal\u0131n\u0131b. Bel\u0259 ki, \u015eah \u0130smay\u0131l X\u0259tai \u00f6z s\u0259rk\u0259rd\u0259si R\u0259vanqulu xana tap\u015f\u0131r\u0131r ki, Z\u0259ngi \u00e7ay\u0131n\u0131n sahilind\u0259 qala tikdirsin. N\u0259tic\u0259d\u0259 R\u0259vanqulu xan 1510-1517-ci ill\u0259rd\u0259 m\u00fcdafi\u0259 xarakterli b\u00f6y\u00fck bir qala tikdirir. S\u0259f\u0259vil\u0259r d\u00f6vl\u0259tinin s\u0259rh\u0259dl\u0259rini xarici basq\u0131nlardan qorumal\u0131 olan qala onu tikdir\u0259nin ad\u0131 il\u0259 \u201cR\u0259van\u201d qalas\u0131 kimi tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f, sonralar \u201cR\u0259van\u201d s\u00f6z\u00fc dialektd\u0259 \u201c\u0130r\u0259van\u201d kimi i\u015fl\u0259dilib.<\/p>\n
M\u0259n is\u0259 hesab edir\u0259m ki, qala tikil\u0259n\u0259d\u0259k onun \u0259traf\u0131nda ki\u00e7ik d\u0259 olsa, \u015f\u0259h\u0259r infrastrukturu formala\u015fm\u0131\u015fd\u0131.<\/p>\n
1893-c\u00fc ild\u0259 \u00e7ap edil\u0259n \u201cJivopisnaya Rossiya\u201d kitab\u0131nda \u0130r\u0259van toponiminin ba\u015fqa bir versiyas\u0131n\u0131n b\u0259hs edilir. \u015e\u0259h\u0259rin m\u00fcs\u0259lman sakinl\u0259ri m\u00fc\u0259llif\u0259 m\u0259lumat vermi\u015fl\u0259r ki, \u015f\u0259h\u0259r \u00f6z ad\u0131n\u0131 \u201cAdr-r\u0259van\u201d s\u00f6z\u00fcnd\u0259n – y\u0259ni Z\u0259ngi \u00e7ay\u0131n\u0131n \u015f\u0259h\u0259r \u0259razisind\u0259n r\u0259van axmas\u0131ndan g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcb. M\u0259lumdur ki, \u0130r\u0259van \u015f\u0259h\u0259rinin yerl\u0259\u015fdiyi \u0259razi orta \u0259sr m\u0259nb\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 \u00c7uxur-S\u0259d adlan\u0131b. A\u011fr\u0131 da\u011f\u0131 il\u0259 \u018fl\u0259y\u0259z da\u011flar\u0131n\u0131n aras\u0131nda qalan d\u00fcz\u0259nlik \u0259razi h\u0259m d\u0259 el aras\u0131nda r\u0259van \u0259razi adlanm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. M\u0259nim q\u0259na\u0259timc\u0259, \u0130r\u0259van \u015f\u0259h\u0259rinin ad\u0131 da m\u0259hz onun yerl\u0259\u015fdiyi \u0259razinin relyefi, co\u011frafi m\u00f6vqeyi, y\u0259ni r\u0259van \u0259razid\u0259 yerl\u0259\u015fm\u0259si il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
-\u0130r\u0259van toponiminin erm\u0259nil\u0259rl\u0259 hans\u0131sa ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 varm\u0131?<\/b><\/p>\n
Erm\u0259ni m\u00fc\u0259llifl\u0259rinin \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 \u0259n \u00e7ox durduqlar\u0131 \u0259fsan\u0259 ondan ibar\u0259t idi ki, guya Nuh pey\u011f\u0259mb\u0259rin d\u00f6vr\u00fcnd\u0259 yer \u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fc su basark\u0259n onun g\u0259misi Ararat (A\u011fr\u0131) da\u011f\u0131n\u0131n zirv\u0259sin\u0259 yan al\u0131b v\u0259 suyun \u00e7\u0259kilm\u0259sind\u0259n sonra Nuh pey\u011f\u0259mb\u0259rin quru sah\u0259 kimi g\u00f6rd\u00fcy\u00fc v\u0259 ilk s\u00f6yl\u0259diyi ifad\u0259 \u201cyereval\u201d – y\u0259ni erm\u0259nic\u0259 \u201cg\u00f6r\u00fcnd\u00fc\u201d olub. H\u0259min ilk g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u0259n yer is\u0259 guya indiki \u0130r\u0259van \u015f\u0259h\u0259rinin arxas\u0131ndak\u0131 da\u011flar imi\u015f, \u201cYerevan\u201d toponimi d\u0259 guya \u201cyereval\u201d s\u00f6z\u00fcnd\u0259n \u0259m\u0259l\u0259 g\u0259lib. Erm\u0259ni yaz\u0131\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 Xa\u00e7atur Abovyan \u201c\u0130r\u0259van \u015f\u0259h\u0259rinin q\u0131sa tarixi o\u00e7erki\u201d adl\u0131 m\u0259qal\u0259sind\u0259 bunu tamamil\u0259 uydurma adland\u0131rm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Erm\u0259ni din xadiml\u0259ri \u201cYerevan\u201d ad\u0131n\u0131n ilk d\u0259f\u0259 VII \u0259srd\u0259 \u00e7\u0259kildiyini, guya Dvin \u015f\u0259h\u0259rind\u0259 ke\u00e7iril\u0259n dini m\u0259rasimd\u0259 \u201cYerevan\u201ddan iki n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259nin i\u015ftirak etdiyini yaz\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n
Xa\u00e7atur Abovyan bunu t\u0259kzib ed\u0259r\u0259k yaz\u0131r ki, erm\u0259ni m\u00fc\u0259llifl\u0259ri XIII \u0259srin \u0259vv\u0259ll\u0259rin\u0259d\u0259k \u201cYerevan\u201d\u0131n ad\u0131n\u0131 bel\u0259 \u00e7\u0259kmirl\u0259r, bu \u015f\u0259h\u0259r 1441-ci ild\u0259n sonra, y\u0259ni Qaraqoyunlular\u0131n hakimiyy\u0259ti d\u00f6vr\u00fcnd\u0259 m\u0259\u015fhurla\u015fm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Erm\u0259ni arxeoloqlar\u0131 1950-ci ild\u0259 \u0130r\u0259van \u0259traf\u0131ndak\u0131 \u201cQanl\u0131 t\u0259p\u0259\u201d adlanan \u0259razid\u0259 apard\u0131qlar\u0131 qaz\u0131nt\u0131lar zaman\u0131 Urartu \u00e7ar\u0131 I Argi\u015ftinin d\u00f6vr\u00fcnd\u0259 sal\u0131nm\u0131\u015f Erebuni qalas\u0131n\u0131n qal\u0131qlar\u0131n\u0131n tap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 b\u0259yan etdil\u0259r. Bundan sonra \u0130r\u0259van \u015f\u0259h\u0259rinin tarixini bununla ba\u011flad\u0131lar. Erebuni qalas\u0131 yaln\u0131z h\u0259rbi-istehkam m\u0259qs\u0259dil\u0259 in\u015fa edilmi\u015fdi v\u0259 onun \u0259traf\u0131nda he\u00e7 vaxt \u015f\u0259h\u0259r infrastrukturu formala\u015fmay\u0131b. \u018fslind\u0259, urartulular\u0131n erm\u0259nil\u0259r\u0259 he\u00e7 bir aidiyy\u0259ti olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 kimi, q\u0259dim Erebuni qalas\u0131n\u0131n da indiki \u0130r\u0259van \u015f\u0259h\u0259ri il\u0259 n\u0259 m\u0259kan, n\u0259 d\u0259 tarixi bax\u0131mdan bir \u0259laq\u0259si olmay\u0131b. Q\u0259dim \u0130r\u0259van \u015f\u0259h\u0259ri il\u0259 Erebunu qalas\u0131 aras\u0131nda xeyli m\u0259saf\u0259, \u0259kin sah\u0259l\u0259ri olub.<\/p>\n
Erm\u0259nil\u0259r indi d\u0259 \u0130r\u0259van \u015f\u0259h\u0259rinin tarixini Erebuni qalas\u0131n\u0131n \u0259sas\u0131n\u0131n qoyuldu\u011fu vaxtdan g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u0259r. \u201dErebuni\u201d ad\u0131 il\u0259 1968-ci ild\u0259 \u0130r\u0259van \u015f\u0259h\u0259rinin 2750 illik yubileyini ke\u00e7irdil\u0259r. Bununla da d\u00fcnyaya s\u00fcbut etm\u0259y\u0259 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fd\u0131lar ki, guya ki Yerevan (\u0130r\u0259van) \u015f\u0259h\u0259rinin tarixi Roma \u015f\u0259h\u0259rind\u0259n 30 il daha q\u0259dim\u0259 dayan\u0131r. Erm\u0259nil\u0259r \u0259vv\u0259ll\u0259r iddia edirl\u0259r ki, Urartu da erm\u0259ni \u00e7arl\u0131\u011f\u0131 olub. Lakin sonradan da b\u0259lli oldu ki, n\u0259 Urartunun, n\u0259 d\u0259 \u201cErebuni\u201dnin erm\u0259nil\u0259rl\u0259 he\u00e7 bir \u0259laq\u0259si olmay\u0131b. Q\u0259ti q\u0259na\u0259t ondan ibar\u0259tdir ki, bu \u0259razinin tarix\u0259n erm\u0259nil\u0259rl\u0259 he\u00e7 bir ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 yoxdur v\u0259 erm\u0259nil\u0259r bu \u0259raziy\u0259 sonradan g\u0259lm\u0259 etnosdur.<\/p>\n
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