T\u00fcrkiy\u0259nin Birinci D\u00fcnya m\u00fcharib\u0259sind\u0259 m\u0259\u011flubiyy\u0259ti n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 ba\u011flanan Mudros sazi\u015finin (30 oktyabr 1918-ci il) \u015f\u0259rtl\u0259rin\u0259 \u0259sas\u0259n, \u015e\u0259rqi Anadoluda t\u00fcrk qo\u015funlar\u0131 1914-c\u00fc il s\u0259rh\u0259dl\u0259rin\u0259 geri \u00e7\u0259kilm\u0259li olur v\u0259 b\u00f6lg\u0259 ingilis qo\u015funlar\u0131n\u0131n n\u0259zar\u0259ti alt\u0131na ke\u00e7ir. Sovet Rusiyas\u0131n\u0131n 29 dekabr 1917-ci il tarixli \u201cT\u00fcrkiy\u0259 Erm\u0259nistan\u0131 haqq\u0131nda\u201d dekretin\u0259 \u0259sas\u0259n is\u0259 erm\u0259nil\u0259r h\u0259min \u0259razil\u0259r\u0259 sahib \u00e7\u0131xmaq ist\u0259yirdil\u0259r. Bunun qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 almaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn 1918-ci il noyabr\u0131n 5-d\u0259 Qars \u0130slam \u015euras\u0131 t\u0259\u015fkil edilir. Noyabr\u0131n 15-d\u0259 1-ci Qars Konqresi ke\u00e7irilir. Konqresd\u0259 G\u00fcmr\u00fc v\u0259 A\u011fbaban\u0131 Q\u0131z\u0131lda\u015f k\u0259ndind\u0259n v\u0259kil Topal \u018fli b\u0259y X\u0259lilb\u0259yo\u011flu t\u0259msil edir. Konqresd\u0259 F\u0259xr\u0259ddin \u018frdo\u011fan\u0131n ba\u015f\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 il\u0259 \u201cM\u00fcv\u0259qq\u0259ti hey\u0259t\u201d se\u00e7ilir. A\u011fbaban\u0131n Qara\u00e7anta k\u0259ndind\u0259n \u018fhm\u0259d b\u0259y Hac\u0131yev hey\u0259tin t\u0259rkibin\u0259 daxil olur. Konqres geri \u00e7\u0259kil\u0259n t\u00fcrk ordusundan silah \u0259ld\u0259 etm\u0259k v\u0259 \u00dc\u00e7 Sancaq \u00e7evr\u0259sind\u0259 Qars \u0130slam \u015euras\u0131n\u0131n \u015f\u00f6b\u0259l\u0259rini a\u00e7ma\u011f\u0131 q\u0259rara al\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Noyabr\u0131n 30-da ke\u00e7iril\u0259n 2-ci Qars Konqresin\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r b\u00f6lg\u0259l\u0259rin n\u00fcfuzlu \u015f\u0259xsl\u0259rinin t\u0259msil\u00e7ilikl\u0259ri il\u0259 yerli milli \u015furalar t\u0259\u015fkil edilir. O c\u00fcml\u0259d\u0259n A\u011fbaba v\u0259 \u015e\u00f6r\u0259yel milli \u015furalar\u0131 t\u0259\u015fkil edilir. A\u011fbaban\u0131n K\u00f6hn\u0259 \u0130bi\u015f k\u0259ndind\u0259n olan Hac\u0131 Abbas o\u011flu K\u0259rb\u0259lay\u0131 M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259d a\u011fa \u015furan\u0131n s\u0259dri v\u0259 konqres\u0259 n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259 se\u00e7ilir. \u015euran\u0131n t\u0259rkibi 7 n\u0259f\u0259rd\u0259n – Hac\u0131 Abbas o\u011flu K\u0259rb\u0259lay\u0131 M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259d a\u011fa, qarda\u015flar\u0131 Mahmud v\u0259 \u018fs\u0259d a\u011falar, Baba\u015f a\u011fa Bayramo\u011flu, Ha\u015f\u0131m A\u011fbaba, X\u0259lil V\u0259li o\u011flu Budaq v\u0259 Hamza a\u011fadan ibar\u0259t idil\u0259r.<\/p>\n
\u00dc\u00e7 g\u00fcn davam ed\u0259n 2-ci Qars Konqresind\u0259 Batumdan Nax\u00e7\u0131vanad\u0259k \u0259razil\u0259ri birl\u0259\u015fdir\u0259n Qars Milli \u0130slam \u015euras\u0131 h\u00f6kum\u0259ti qurulur. H\u00f6kum\u0259tin r\u0259isi \u0259sl\u0259n g\u00fcmr\u00fcl\u00fc \u0130brahim b\u0259y Cahangirov se\u00e7ilir. Parlament funksiyas\u0131n\u0131 icra ed\u0259n 12 n\u0259f\u0259rlik M\u0259rk\u0259z M\u00fcm\u0259ssill\u0259ri hey\u0259tinin t\u0259rkibin\u0259 A\u011fbabadan Hac\u0131 Abbas o\u011flu K\u0259rb\u0259lay\u0131 M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259d a\u011fa v\u0259 \u018fhm\u0259d b\u0259y Hac\u0131yev daxil olurlar.<\/p>\n
A\u011fbaba Milli \u015euras\u0131 b\u00f6lg\u0259 \u0259halisini erm\u0259ni h\u00fccumlar\u0131ndan qorumaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn yerli s\u0259f\u0259rb\u0259rlik ke\u00e7irir v\u0259 A\u011fbaba s\u00fcvari alay\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259\u015fkil edir. Bel\u0259 qayda qoyulubmu\u015f ki, \u0259sg\u0259r ver\u0259 bilm\u0259y\u0259n ail\u0259l\u0259r bir t\u00fcf\u0259ngin pulunu v\u0259 bir at, yaxud bir in\u0259k verm\u0259li idil\u0259r. Bu qaydaya \u0259m\u0259l etm\u0259y\u0259nl\u0259r ciddi c\u0259zaland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131lar.<\/p>\n
Yaqub \u015eefkipa\u015fan\u0131n komandanl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda geri \u00e7\u0259kil\u0259n t\u00fcrk ordusunun zabiti y\u00fczba\u015f\u0131 Xur\u015fud b\u0259y A\u011fbabada qalm\u0131\u015f, k\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc d\u0259st\u0259l\u0259rin t\u0259limi v\u0259zif\u0259sini \u00fcz\u0259rin\u0259 g\u00f6t\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015fd\u00fc. N\u0259tic\u0259d\u0259 Hac\u0131 Abbas o\u011flu K\u0259rb\u0259lay\u0131 M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259d a\u011fan\u0131n ba\u015f\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 alt\u0131nda A\u011fbaba s\u00fcvari alay\u0131 erm\u0259nil\u0259r\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 m\u00fccadil\u0259 ed\u0259c\u0259k bir q\u00fcvv\u0259y\u0259 sahib olmu\u015fdu.<\/p>\n
1919-cu il yanvar\u0131n 7-9-da 2-ci \u018frdahan Konqresi ke\u00e7irilir. Konqresd\u0259 erm\u0259ni v\u0259 g\u00fcrc\u00fc h\u00fccumlar\u0131na qar\u015f\u0131 s\u0259f\u0259rb\u0259rlik ke\u00e7irilm\u0259si, m\u00f6vcud silahlar\u0131n ingilisl\u0259r\u0259 t\u0259hvil verilm\u0259m\u0259si q\u0259rara al\u0131n\u0131r. 1919-cu il yanvar\u0131n 13-d\u0259 ingilis general\u0131 Bi\u00e7 Qarsa g\u0259l\u0259r\u0259k Erm\u0259nistan h\u00f6kum\u0259tinin Stepan Korqanovu Qars vilay\u0259tinin ba\u015f\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 t\u0259yin etdiyini bildirir. Milli \u015eura h\u00f6kum\u0259tinin ba\u015f\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 \u0130brahim b\u0259y Cahangirov ingilis general\u0131na deyir ki, b\u00f6lg\u0259 \u0259halisinin 85 faizi t\u00fcrkl\u0259rd\u0259n ibar\u0259tdir v\u0259 vilay\u0259tin r\u0259hb\u0259rliyin\u0259 erm\u0259ninin t\u0259yin edilm\u0259si Vilson prinsipl\u0259rin\u0259 ziddir. Bundan sonra general Bi\u00e7 Milli \u015eura h\u00f6kum\u0259tini tan\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bildirir v\u0259 G\u00fcmr\u00fcy\u0259 qay\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
1919-cu il yanvar\u0131n 17-18-d\u0259 ke\u00e7iril\u0259n 3-c\u00fc Qars Konqresi h\u00f6kum\u0259tin ad\u0131n\u0131 d\u0259yi\u015fdir\u0259r\u0259k C\u0259nub-Q\u0259rbi Qafqaz h\u00f6kum\u0259ti M\u00fcvakkata-i Milliyy\u0259si adland\u0131r\u0131r. 18 madd\u0259d\u0259n ibar\u0259t anayasa q\u0259bul olunur. C\u00fcmhuriyy\u0259tin 40 min kv.km \u0259razisi, 1,7 milyon n\u0259f\u0259r (1,5 milyonu t\u00fcrk-m\u00fcs\u0259lman) \u0259halisi var idi. D\u00f6vl\u0259t dili kimi t\u00fcrk dili, \u00fc\u00e7r\u0259ngli (a\u011f, ya\u015f\u0131l v\u0259 qara), ay-ulduzlu bayra\u011f\u0131 q\u0259bul olunmu\u015fdu. Batumda h\u0259ft\u0259d\u0259 \u00fc\u00e7 d\u0259f\u0259 \u00e7\u0131xan \u201cS\u0259dayi-mill\u0259t\u201d q\u0259zeti h\u00f6kum\u0259tin r\u0259smi orqan\u0131 idi. Bel\u0259likl\u0259, Rusiya imperiyas\u0131n\u0131n da\u011f\u0131lmas\u0131 il\u0259 \u0259laq\u0259dar olaraq Qars, Batum, Ax\u0131ska, Ax\u0131lk\u0259l\u0259k, \u015e\u0259rur, Nax\u00e7\u0131van, S\u00fcrm\u0259li v\u0259 \u0130r\u0259van q\u0259zas\u0131n\u0131n c\u0259nub-\u015f\u0259rq hiss\u0259sinin \u0259halisi C\u0259nub-Q\u0259rbi Qafqaz h\u00f6kum\u0259ti simas\u0131nda \u00f6z m\u00fcst\u0259qilliyini elan edir.<\/p>\n
Yeni t\u0259\u015fkil edilmi\u015f h\u00f6kum\u0259tin ba\u015f\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 yen\u0259 d\u0259 \u0130brahim b\u0259y Cahangirov se\u00e7ilir. Bu arada, y\u0259ni 1919-cu il mart\u0131n 25-d\u0259 C\u0259nub-Q\u0259rbi Qafqaz h\u00f6kum\u0259ti \u00f6z m\u00fcst\u0259qilliyini elan etmi\u015f v\u0259 \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc C\u0259nub-Q\u0259rbi Qafqaz Demokratik Respublikas\u0131 v\u0259 yaxud C\u0259nub-Q\u0259rbi Qafqaz C\u00fcmhuriyy\u0259ti (CQQC) adland\u0131rm\u0131\u015fd\u0131.<\/p>\n
H\u0259min d\u00f6vrd\u0259 siyasi partiyalar f\u0259aliyy\u0259t g\u00f6st\u0259rm\u0259diyind\u0259n 65 bit\u0259r\u0259f deputatdan ibar\u0259t parlament yarad\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131. Ax\u0131skal\u0131 doktor \u018fs\u0259d b\u0259y Oktay (\u018fs\u0259d b\u0259y Hac\u0131yev) parlamentin s\u0259dri se\u00e7ilmi\u015fdi. Parlament respublikan\u0131n xarici v\u0259 daxili siyas\u0259tinin \u0259sas istiqam\u0259tl\u0259rini m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259nl\u0259\u015fdirmi\u015fdi.<\/p>\n
C\u0259nub-Q\u0259rbi Qafqaz h\u00f6kum\u0259ti 1919-cu il yanvar\u0131n 27-d\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan h\u00f6kum\u0259tin\u0259 m\u00fcraci\u0259t etmi\u015f, ondan zabitl\u0259r, m\u0259murlar v\u0259 pul ist\u0259mi\u015fdi.<\/p>\n
Aprelin 12-d\u0259 ingilisl\u0259r erm\u0259ni da\u015fnak h\u00f6kum\u0259tinin arzusunu yerin\u0259 yetir\u0259r\u0259k CQQC-nin parlament binas\u0131n\u0131 m\u00fchasir\u0259y\u0259 alaraq 30 n\u0259f\u0259r parlament \u00fczv\u00fcn\u00fc v\u0259 h\u00f6kum\u0259t n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259sini h\u0259bs etmi\u015f, ba\u015f nazir \u0130brahim b\u0259y Cahangirov ba\u015fda olmaqla 11 n\u0259f\u0259r Malta adas\u0131na s\u00fcrg\u00fcn\u0259 g\u00f6nd\u0259rilmi\u015fdi. Bundan sonra CQQC-nin 12 b\u00f6lg\u0259sind\u0259 milli \u015furalar yerli h\u00f6kum\u0259tl\u0259r \u015f\u0259klind\u0259 m\u00fcst\u0259qil f\u0259aliyy\u0259t g\u00f6st\u0259rmi\u015fdi. A\u011fbaba Milli \u015euras\u0131 Hac\u0131 Abbas o\u011flu K\u0259rb\u0259lay\u0131 M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259d a\u011fan\u0131n, \u015e\u00f6r\u0259yel Milli \u015euras\u0131 is\u0259 \u0130sg\u0259nd\u0259r b\u0259y A\u011f\u00fcz\u00fcm\u00fcn s\u0259drliyi il\u0259 \u00f6z i\u015fini davam etdirmi\u015fdi.<\/p>\n
\u015e\u00f6r\u0259yel nahiy\u0259sinin k\u0259ndl\u0259ri erm\u0259nil\u0259r t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n i\u015f\u011fal olundu\u011fu \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u015e\u00f6r\u0259yel Milli \u015euras\u0131 \u00f6z i\u015fini dayand\u0131rmaq m\u0259cburiyy\u0259tind\u0259 qalm\u0131\u015fd\u0131. Milli \u015euran\u0131n s\u0259dri \u018fs\u0259dulla A\u011f\u00fcz\u00fcm \u015e\u00f6r\u0259yel faci\u0259sinin miqyas\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fcnyaya \u00e7atd\u0131rmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn Tiflis\u0259 getmi\u015f, Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n G\u00fcrc\u00fcstandak\u0131 Daimi N\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259liyi vasit\u0259sil\u0259 m\u00fctt\u0259fiq d\u00f6vl\u0259tl\u0259rin Tiflisd\u0259ki missiyalar\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015f\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131na m\u00fcraci\u0259tl\u0259r etmi\u015f, orada d\u0259rc olunan q\u0259zetl\u0259r vasit\u0259sil\u0259 erm\u0259nil\u0259rin t\u00f6r\u0259tdikl\u0259ri v\u0259h\u015filikl\u0259ri d\u00fcnya ictimaiyy\u0259tin\u0259 \u00e7atd\u0131rma\u011fa \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015fd\u0131. Xarici d\u00f6vl\u0259tl\u0259rin diqq\u0259tini Qars vilay\u0259tind\u0259 t\u00f6r\u0259dil\u0259n erm\u0259ni v\u0259h\u015filikl\u0259rin\u0259 c\u0259lb etm\u0259k, qa\u00e7q\u0131nlar\u0131n probleml\u0259rini y\u00fcng\u00fcll\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn 10 oktyabr 1919-cu ild\u0259 Tiflisd\u0259 Qarsl\u0131 H\u0259myerlil\u0259r C\u0259miyy\u0259ti yarad\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131. Tiflisd\u0259 d\u0259rc olunan \u201cObnovlenie\u201d q\u0259zetinin noyabr ay\u0131ndak\u0131 saylar\u0131nda Qars vilay\u0259tind\u0259 erm\u0259nil\u0259rin t\u00f6r\u0259tdikl\u0259ri v\u0259h\u015filikl\u0259r haqq\u0131nda silsil\u0259 m\u0259qal\u0259l\u0259r d\u0259rc edilmi\u015fdi.<\/p>\n
\u0130ngilisl\u0259rin CQQC-ni s\u00fcquta yetirm\u0259sind\u0259n d\u0259rhal sonra Erm\u0259nistan ordusunun 1-ci v\u0259 4-c\u00fc piyada polklar\u0131 general Osipyan\u0131n komandanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 alt\u0131nda da\u015fnak h\u00f6kum\u0259tinin Qars vilay\u0259tin\u0259 qubernator t\u0259yin etdiyi Stepan Korqanovla birlikd\u0259 Qarsa daxil olurlar. Aprelin 30-da da\u015fnak h\u00f6kum\u0259ti Qarsda \u00f6z f\u0259aliyy\u0259tin\u0259 ba\u015flay\u0131r v\u0259 b\u00f6lg\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 q\u0259za t\u0259\u015fkilatlar\u0131n\u0131 qurmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u00f6z n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259l\u0259rini yerl\u0259r\u0259 g\u00f6nd\u0259rir.<\/p>\n
Bu zaman Qarsda M\u0259\u015f\u0259di S\u0259m\u0259d a\u011fan\u0131n ba\u015f\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 il\u0259 S.Korqanovun hakimiyy\u0259tini q\u0259bul ed\u0259n oyuncaq M\u00fcs\u0259lman Milli \u015euras\u0131 qurulur. H\u0259min \u015furan\u0131n \u00fczvl\u0259ri Qars\u0131n nahiy\u0259l\u0259rini g\u0259z\u0259r\u0259k yerli \u0259hali aras\u0131nda t\u0259bli\u011fat apar\u0131rd\u0131lar ki, silahlar\u0131 t\u0259hvil versinl\u0259r v\u0259 q\u0131r\u011f\u0131nlar\u0131n olmamas\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn Erm\u0259nistan\u0131n hakimiyy\u0259tini q\u0259bul etsinl\u0259r.<\/p>\n
C\u0259nub-Q\u0259rbi Qafqaz C\u00fcmhuriyy\u0259ti h\u00f6kum\u0259ti \u00fczvl\u0259rinin Malta adas\u0131na s\u00fcrg\u00fcn edilm\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259n uzun m\u00fcdd\u0259t sonra bel\u0259 qubernator S.Korqanov h\u0259r yerd\u0259 idar\u0259\u00e7iliyi \u00f6z \u0259lin\u0259 ala bilm\u0259mi\u015fdi. Yerli m\u00fcs\u0259lman \u0259hali onun t\u0259yin etdiyi nahiy\u0259 r\u0259isl\u0259rini yax\u0131na buraxm\u0131r, erm\u0259ni idar\u0259\u00e7iliyini tan\u0131maq ist\u0259mirdi. \u00c7\u00fcnki erm\u0259nil\u0259r verdikl\u0259ri v\u0259dl\u0259r\u0259 \u0259m\u0259l etmir, \u0259halisi t\u0259rksilah olunan m\u00fcs\u0259lman k\u0259ndl\u0259rind\u0259 ya\u015fayanlar\u0131 ucdantutma m\u0259hv edir v\u0259 onlar\u0131n mal-m\u00fclk\u00fcn\u0259 sahib \u00e7\u0131x\u0131rd\u0131lar. 1919-cu il oktyabr\u0131n 1-d\u0259 S.Korqanov Erm\u0259nistan h\u00f6kum\u0259tinin s\u0259drin\u0259 \u00fcnvanlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u201cTam m\u0259xfi\u201d qrifli m\u0259ktubunda \u201cquldurba\u015f\u0131\u201d adland\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 Hac\u0131 Abbas o\u011flu K\u0259rb\u0259lay\u0131 M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259d a\u011fan\u0131n erm\u0259ni idar\u0259\u00e7iliyin\u0259 tabe olmamas\u0131ndan \u015fikay\u0259tl\u0259nmi\u015fdi.<\/p>\n
31 yanvar 1920-ci ild\u0259 A\u011fbaba Milli \u015euras\u0131n\u0131n Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n G\u00fcrc\u00fcstandak\u0131 Daimi N\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259liyin\u0259 g\u00f6nd\u0259rdiyi m\u00fcraci\u0259tind\u0259 deyilirdi ki, Qars vilay\u0259tinin \u018frdahan q\u0259zas\u0131nda erm\u0259ni \u0259sg\u0259ri q\u00fcvv\u0259l\u0259ri islamlar \u00fcz\u0259rin\u0259 h\u00fccum ed\u0259r\u0259k \u015fidd\u0259tli sur\u0259td\u0259 h\u0259rb a\u00e7m\u0131\u015f, A\u011fbaba, Z\u0259r\u015fad v\u0259 \u015e\u00f6r\u0259yel nahiy\u0259l\u0259rini m\u00fchasir\u0259y\u0259 alm\u0131\u015flar. Milli \u015eura \u201c\u0130slamlar\u0131n \u0259hval\u0131 qay\u0259t p\u0259ri\u015fan v\u0259 t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259li oldu\u011fundan tez bir zamanda m\u00fcavin\u0259tinizi istirham ed\u0259riz\u201d yazaraq Az\u0259rbaycandan yard\u0131m ist\u0259yirdi.<\/p>\n
A\u011fbaba Milli \u015euras\u0131n\u0131n s\u0259dri K\u0259rb\u0259lay\u0131 M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259d a\u011fa g\u00fcrc\u00fc zabitl\u0259ri il\u0259 s\u0131x \u0259laq\u0259 qura bilmi\u015fdi. O, g\u00fcrc\u00fc generallar\u0131na q\u0131z\u0131l pul ver\u0259r\u0259k onlardan silah-sursat al\u0131rd\u0131. Erm\u0259nil\u0259rin arams\u0131z h\u00fccumlar\u0131 o h\u0259dd\u0259 \u00e7atm\u0131\u015fd\u0131 ki, A\u011fbaba Milli \u015euras\u0131n\u0131n 20 fevral 1920-ci il tarixd\u0259 35 k\u0259ndin n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259l\u0259rinin i\u015ftirak\u0131 il\u0259 T\u0259p\u0259k\u00f6y k\u0259ndind\u0259 ke\u00e7iril\u0259n iclas\u0131nda q\u0259rara al\u0131nm\u0131\u015fd\u0131 ki, A\u011fbaba nahiy\u0259sinin G\u00fcrc\u00fcstana birl\u0259\u015fdirilm\u0259si \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn G\u00fcrc\u00fcstan h\u00f6kum\u0259tinin n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259l\u0259ri il\u0259 \u0259laq\u0259 qurulsun v\u0259 bunun \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn iki n\u0259f\u0259r s\u0259lahiyy\u0259tli n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259 se\u00e7ilmi\u015fdi. Rus dilind\u0259 t\u0259rtib edil\u0259n v\u0259 haz\u0131rda \u0259sli Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n G\u00fcrc\u00fcstandak\u0131 Daimi N\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259liyinin arxiv s\u0259n\u0259dl\u0259ri i\u00e7\u0259risind\u0259 saxlan\u0131lan \u201c\u0130cma q\u0259rar\u0131\u201dn\u0131n m\u0259tni bel\u0259 dedi:<\/p>\n
\u201c20 fevral 1920-ci il. T\u0259p\u0259k\u00f6y k\u0259ndi.<\/p>\n
Biz, A\u011fbaba sah\u0259sinin Amasiya, Da\u015fk\u00f6rp\u00fc, Mumuxan, S\u0131n\u0131x, Ma\u011farac\u0131q, \u00c7axmaq, G\u00fcll\u00fcbulaq, D\u0259l\u0259ver, C\u0259b\u0259\u00e7i, Q\u0131z\u0131lda\u015f, D\u00fczk\u0259nd, \u0130lanl\u0131, Qaranamaz, T\u0259z\u0259k\u0259nd, Bal\u0131ql\u0131, G\u00f6ll\u00fc, \u00d6ks\u00fcz, Sultanabad, T\u0259p\u0259k\u00f6y (b\u00f6y\u00fck), T\u0259p\u0259k\u00f6y (ki\u00e7ik), Xan\u00e7arl\u0131, G\u00fcll\u00fcc\u0259, Ell\u0259royu\u011fu, Qarabulaq, Q\u0131z\u0131lkils\u0259, S\u00f6y\u00fcdl\u00fc, Xozuk\u0259nd, Bax\u00e7al\u0131, \u00d6rd\u0259kli, \u0130bi\u015f, Mustuxlu v\u0259 Selda\u011f\u0131lan k\u0259ndl\u0259rinin a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da imza ed\u0259n sakinl\u0259ri, s\u0259sverm\u0259 h\u00fcququna malik olan min d\u00f6rd y\u00fcz \u0259lli d\u00f6rd (1454) ev sahibl\u0259ri, bu g\u00fcn tamamil\u0259 topla\u015faraq A\u011fbaba M\u00fcs\u0259lman Milli \u015euras\u0131n\u0131n s\u0259dri Mahmud Hac\u0131 Abbas o\u011flunun i\u015ftirak\u0131 il\u0259 erm\u0259nil\u0259rl\u0259 bir arada v\u0259 Erm\u0259nistan Respublikas\u0131 h\u00f6kum\u0259tinin tabeliyind\u0259 ya\u015fama\u011f\u0131n m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olub-olmamas\u0131 m\u00fczakir\u0259 edildi v\u0259 n\u0259z\u0259r\u0259 al\u0131nd\u0131 ki, qon\u015fu \u015e\u00f6r\u0259yel nahiy\u0259sinin m\u00fcs\u0259lman k\u0259ndl\u0259ri Erm\u0259nistan Respublikas\u0131n\u0131n tabeliyini q\u0259bul etm\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 baxmayaraq, artilleriya bombardman\u0131na, h\u0259m Erm\u0259nistan ordusu v\u0259 administrasiyas\u0131, h\u0259m d\u0259 erm\u0259ni \u0259halinin h\u0259r c\u00fcr qeyri-qanuni zorak\u0131l\u0131qlar\u0131na m\u0259ruz qalm\u0131\u015flar. Ona g\u00f6r\u0259 bel\u0259 q\u0259na\u0259t\u0259 g\u0259lmi\u015fik ki, A\u011fbaba nahiy\u0259si yaln\u0131z G\u00fcrc\u00fcstan \u0259razisin\u0259 birl\u0259\u015fm\u0259kl\u0259 m\u00fcs\u0259lman \u0259halinin h\u0259yat\u0131n\u0131 v\u0259 \u0259mlak\u0131n\u0131 ist\u0259nil\u0259n t\u0259r\u0259fin q\u0259sdind\u0259n qoruya bil\u0259r v\u0259 buna g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259 bir s\u0259sl\u0259 q\u0259rara ald\u0131lar: \u00f6z aram\u0131zdan Xozuk\u0259nd sakini M\u0259\u015f\u0259di R\u00fcst\u0259m o\u011flunu v\u0259 Q\u0131z\u0131lda\u015f k\u0259ndinin sakini Niftal\u0131 \u0130brahim X\u0259lil o\u011flunu se\u00e7\u0259r\u0259k onlar\u0131 v\u0259kil edir v\u0259 onlara ixtiyar veririk ki, bizim A\u011fbaba nahiy\u0259sinin G\u00fcrc\u00fcstanla birl\u0259\u015fdirilm\u0259si \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn G\u00fcrc\u00fcstan Respublikas\u0131n\u0131n n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259l\u0259ri il\u0259 \u0259laq\u0259y\u0259 girsinl\u0259r. Bir s\u00f6zl\u0259, adlar\u0131 \u00e7\u0259kil\u0259n \u015f\u0259xsl\u0259ri v\u0259kil edirik ki, bizim \u0259razinin taleyini h\u0259ll etm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn ist\u0259nil\u0259n \u015f\u0259xsl\u0259 \u0259laq\u0259y\u0259 girsinl\u0259r\u201d.<\/p>\n
1920-ci il fevral\u0131n 26-da Az\u0259rbaycan Xarici \u0130\u015fl\u0259r Nazirliyi Erm\u0259nistan Xarici \u0130\u015fl\u0259r Nazirliyin\u0259 erm\u0259ni silahl\u0131 birl\u0259\u015fm\u0259l\u0259rinin \u015e\u00f6r\u0259yelin 12 k\u0259ndini darmada\u011f\u0131n etm\u0259si il\u0259 \u0259laq\u0259dar etiraz teleqram\u0131, fevral\u0131n 28-d\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan X\u0130N Erm\u0259nistan qo\u015funlar\u0131n\u0131n \u015e\u00f6r\u0259yel, A\u011fbaba, \u00c7\u0131ldlr v\u0259 Z\u0259r\u015fad nahiy\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 h\u00fccumu il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 etiraz notas\u0131 g\u00f6nd\u0259rmi\u015f Az\u0259rbaycan X\u0130N Fransa v\u0259 \u0130taliyan\u0131n C\u0259nubi Qafqazdak\u0131 h\u0259rbi n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259liyin\u0259 m\u00fcraci\u0259t ed\u0259r\u0259k Qarsda erm\u0259nil\u0259rin t\u00f6r\u0259tdikl\u0259ri q\u0131r\u011f\u0131nlar\u0131n qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n al\u0131nmas\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn k\u00f6m\u0259k g\u00f6st\u0259rm\u0259l\u0259rini ist\u0259mi\u015fdi.<\/p>\n
Az\u0259rbaycan parlamentinin 1920-ci il mart\u0131n 9-da ke\u00e7iril\u0259n f\u00f6vq\u0259lad\u0259 iclas\u0131nda \u0130r\u0259van quberniyas\u0131nda v\u0259 Qars vilay\u0259tind\u0259 erm\u0259nil\u0259rin t\u00f6r\u0259tdikl\u0259ri q\u0131r\u011f\u0131nlar m\u00fczakir\u0259 edilmi\u015f v\u0259 b\u0259yanat q\u0259bul olunmu\u015fdu. Az\u0259rbaycan h\u00f6kum\u0259tin\u0259 tap\u015f\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131 ki, q\u0131r\u011f\u0131nlar\u0131n qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n al\u0131nmas\u0131 v\u0259 qa\u00e7q\u0131nlar\u0131n v\u0259ziyy\u0259tinin y\u00fcng\u00fcll\u0259\u015fdirilm\u0259si \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn laz\u0131m olan t\u0259dbirl\u0259ri g\u00f6rs\u00fcn.<\/p>\n
Yanvar-fevral aylar\u0131nda erm\u0259ni silahl\u0131 q\u00fcvv\u0259l\u0259ri A\u011fbaban\u0131 tam m\u00fchasir\u0259d\u0259 saxlm\u0131\u015fd\u0131lar. Qarsdak\u0131 oyuncaq Milli \u015euran\u0131n ad\u0131ndan \u0130smay\u0131l \u018fzizov adl\u0131 \u015f\u0259xsi S.Korqanov A\u011fbabaya g\u00f6nd\u0259rmi\u015fdi ki, \u0259halini t\u0259rksilah olma\u011fa v\u0259 Erm\u0259nistan h\u00f6kum\u0259tinin tabeliyini q\u0259bul etm\u0259y\u0259 raz\u0131 sals\u0131n. Lakin A\u011fbaba Milli \u015euras\u0131 bu t\u0259klifi q\u0259bul etm\u0259mi\u015fdi. 29 fevral 1920-ci ild\u0259 Erm\u0259nistan h\u00f6kum\u0259ti ad\u0131ndan Arpa\u00e7ay x\u0259tti \u00fczr\u0259 \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcdafi\u0259 q\u00fcvv\u0259l\u0259ri komandan\u0131 Saruxanovun imzas\u0131 il\u0259 A\u011fbaba nahiy\u0259sinin \u0259halisin\u0259 ultimatum g\u00f6nd\u0259rilmi\u015fdi. Ultimatumda deyilirdi: \u201cSizin nahiy\u0259nin \u0259halisinin t\u0259rksilah olunmas\u0131 v\u0259 b\u00fct\u00fcn m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259l\u0259rin s\u00fclh yolu il\u0259 h\u0259ll edilm\u0259si m\u0259qs\u0259dil\u0259 \u0130smay\u0131l \u018fzizov vasit\u0259sil\u0259 dan\u0131\u015f\u0131qlar apar\u0131lmas\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn Erm\u0259nistan h\u00f6kum\u0259ti t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259l\u0259r g\u00f6nd\u0259rilm\u0259si bar\u0259d\u0259 ist\u0259yinizl\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 \u0259rz edir\u0259m ki, Aleksandropol qrup qo\u015funlar\u0131n\u0131n r\u0259isi general Pirimovun, ikinci x\u00fcsusi briqadan\u0131n r\u0259isi general Osepyan\u0131n v\u0259 \u0259lahidd\u0259 atl\u0131 briqadas\u0131n\u0131n r\u0259isi general Xa\u00e7aturovun \u0259mri il\u0259 m\u0259n bu g\u00fcn yuxar\u0131da \u0259rz edil\u0259n m\u0259qs\u0259dl\u0259 erm\u0259ni \u015ei\u015ft\u0259p\u0259si k\u0259ndin\u0259 g\u0259ldim v\u0259 ona g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259 t\u0259klif edir\u0259m ki, mart\u0131n 1-d\u0259 saat 12-d\u0259 b\u00fct\u00fcn k\u0259ndl\u0259rd\u0259n sizin n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259l\u0259ri dan\u0131\u015f\u0131qlar aparmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u015ei\u015ft\u0259p\u0259 k\u0259ndin\u0259 g\u00f6nd\u0259r\u0259siniz\u201d.<\/p>\n
Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n G\u00fcrc\u00fcstandak\u0131 Diplomatik N\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259liyinin arxiv s\u0259n\u0259dl\u0259rinin i\u00e7\u0259risind\u0259 K\u0259rb\u0259lay\u0131 M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259d a\u011faya, M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259d b\u0259y Qocayev\u0259 v\u0259 \u018fs\u0259d b\u0259y Hac\u0131yev\u0259 13 fevral 1920-ci ild\u0259 veril\u0259n v\u0259siq\u0259nin sur\u0259ti saxlan\u0131l\u0131r. H\u0259min s\u0259n\u0259dd\u0259 qeyd edilir ki, adlar\u0131 \u00e7\u0259kil\u0259n \u015f\u0259xsl\u0259r t\u0259cili olaraq Diplomatik N\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259lik t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n Bak\u0131ya ezam olunurlar ki, qa\u00e7q\u0131nlara yard\u0131m edilm\u0259si m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259sini Himay\u0259darl\u0131q Nazirliyi il\u0259 m\u00fczakir\u0259 etsinl\u0259r. S\u0259n\u0259dd\u0259 h\u0259m\u00e7inin d\u00f6vl\u0259t orqanlar\u0131n\u0131n n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259n xahi\u015f edilirdi ki, onlar\u0131n Bak\u0131ya \u00e7atmalar\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn yolda h\u0259r hans\u0131 mane\u00e7ilik t\u00f6r\u0259dilm\u0259sin.<\/p>\n
Bununla ba\u011fl\u0131 F\u0259xr\u0259ddin \u018frdo\u011fan xatir\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 yaz\u0131r ki, \u201cerm\u0259nil\u0259rin alaylar\u0131 v\u0259 toplar\u0131 il\u0259 t\u00fcrk k\u00f6yl\u0259ri \u00fcz\u0259rin\u0259 y\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fckl\u0259rini g\u00f6r\u0259n Qocao\u011flu M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259d b\u0259y, doktor \u018fs\u0259d b\u0259y v\u0259 Hac\u0131 Abbas o\u011flu K\u0259rb\u0259lay\u0131 M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259d b\u0259y Ax\u0131lk\u0259l\u0259y\u0259 g\u0259l\u0259r\u0259k Bor\u00e7al\u0131 yolu il\u0259 Bak\u0131ya gedirl\u0259r. Yard\u0131m \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn Az\u0259rbaycan h\u00f6kum\u0259tind\u0259n \u0259sg\u0259ri q\u00fcvv\u0259 ist\u0259dil\u0259r. Az\u0259rbaycan h\u00f6kum\u0259ti bir t\u00fcm\u0259n \u0259sg\u0259ri q\u00fcvv\u0259tinin G\u00fcrc\u00fcstan \u0259razisind\u0259n ke\u00e7m\u0259sini t\u0259l\u0259b etdikd\u0259 g\u00fcrc\u00fcl\u0259r m\u00fcsaid\u0259 etm\u0259dil\u0259r. B\u0259rab\u0259rl\u0259rind\u0259 Bak\u0131dan, albay (polkovnik) \u0130smay\u0131l b\u0259y Yadigarov, Yusif K\u0259nan b\u0259y, \u0130smay\u0131l b\u0259y N\u0259z\u0259r\u0259liyevl\u0259 birlikd\u0259 xeyli Az\u0259rbaycan paras\u0131 g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u0259r\u0259k A\u011fbabaya g\u0259ldil\u0259r, oradan da \u00c7\u0131ld\u0131ra ke\u00e7dil\u0259r\u201d.<\/p>\n
F.\u018frdo\u011fan xatir\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 daha sonra yaz\u0131r: \u201c\u00c7\u0131ld\u0131rda doktor \u018fs\u0259d b\u0259y, A\u011fbabada Hac\u0131 Abbas o\u011flu K\u0259rb\u0259lay\u0131 M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259d b\u0259y \u0259ll\u0259rind\u0259ki q\u00fcvv\u0259l\u0259rini gec\u0259-g\u00fcnd\u00fcz \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131b yerl\u0259\u015fdirdikd\u0259n sonra bura erm\u0259nil\u0259rin girm\u0259sin\u0259 mane oldular. Erm\u0259nil\u0259r d\u0259 buralarda q\u0259za t\u0259\u015fkilatlar\u0131n\u0131 qurmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn alay komandan\u0131 Marzmanovun idar\u0259sind\u0259 iki top, s\u0259kkiz a\u011f\u0131r makinal\u0131 t\u00fcf\u0259ngl\u0259 (pulemyot) bu q\u00fcvv\u0259l\u0259r \u00fcz\u0259rin\u0259 h\u00fccuma ba\u015flad\u0131. Bu milli q\u00fcvv\u0259l\u0259rimiz birl\u0259\u015f\u0259r\u0259k Marzmanova qar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131xd\u0131lar. Marzmanov 50 \u00f6l\u00fc v\u0259 bir a\u011f\u0131r makinal\u0131 t\u00fcf\u0259ng buraxaraq \u00e7\u0259kilm\u0259y\u0259 m\u0259cbur oldu\u201d.<\/p>\n
Daha sonra F.\u018frdo\u011fan yaz\u0131r ki, milli t\u0259\u015fkilatlar\u0131m\u0131z erm\u0259nil\u0259ri el\u0259 s\u0131x\u0131\u015fd\u0131rm\u0131\u015fd\u0131lar ki, onlar \u201cb\u00f6y\u00fck Erm\u0259nistan\u201d x\u00fclyas\u0131ndan \u0259l \u00e7\u0259kib, ki\u00e7ik q\u0259zalar\u0131m\u0131zla bar\u0131\u015f\u0131q \u0259ld\u0259 etm\u0259k m\u0259cburiyy\u0259tind\u0259 qalm\u0131\u015fd\u0131lar.<\/p>\n
A\u011fbaba nahiy\u0259sinin da\u011fl\u0131q hiss\u0259si yegan\u0259 b\u00f6lg\u0259 idi ki, ax\u0131rad\u0259k erm\u0259nil\u0259r ora gir\u0259 bilm\u0259mi\u015fdil\u0259r. Ona g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259 \u0130r\u0259van quberniyas\u0131ndan 25 mind\u0259n art\u0131q qa\u00e7q\u0131n A\u011fbaba v\u0259 ona qon\u015fu Z\u0259r\u015fad nahiy\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 s\u0131\u011f\u0131nm\u0131\u015fd\u0131.<\/p>\n
Bel\u0259likl\u0259, A\u011fbaba Milli \u015euras\u0131n\u0131n gec\u0259li-g\u00fcnd\u00fczl\u00fc g\u0259rgin \u0259m\u0259yi n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 bu b\u00f6lg\u0259nin da\u011f k\u0259ndl\u0259ri erm\u0259nil\u0259rin t\u00f6r\u0259tdikl\u0259ri q\u0131r\u011f\u0131nlardan xilas ola bilmi\u015fdi. T\u00fcrk qo\u015funlar\u0131 1920-ci ilin oktyabr\u0131nda Qars\u0131 azad etdikd\u0259n sonra Hac\u0131 Abbas o\u011flu K\u0259rb\u0259lay\u0131 M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259d a\u011fan\u0131n 700 n\u0259f\u0259rlik silahl\u0131 d\u0259st\u0259si 9-cu diviziyan\u0131n t\u0259rkibin\u0259 qat\u0131laraq Az\u0259rbaycan s\u00fcvari alay\u0131 il\u0259 birlikd\u0259 G\u00fcmr\u00fcn\u00fc azad etmi\u015f v\u0259 h\u0259rbin sonunad\u0259k c\u0259bh\u0259d\u0259 vuru\u015fmu\u015fdu.<\/p>\n
1921-ci il Moskva v\u0259 Qars m\u00fcqavil\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 \u0259sas\u0259n, T\u00fcrkiy\u0259 t\u0259r\u0259fi Arpa\u00e7ay rayonundan blokhauzlar\u0131 (\u00e7\u00f6ld\u0259 tikil\u0259n h\u0259rbi hiss\u0259 istehkamlar\u0131) G\u00fcmr\u00fc-\u0130r\u0259van d\u0259miryol x\u0259ttind\u0259n 8 verst m\u0259saf\u0259d\u0259 geri \u00e7\u0259kmi\u015fdi. S\u0259rh\u0259d x\u0259tti A\u011fbaba da\u011flar\u0131ndan m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n edildiyind\u0259n A\u011fbaban\u0131n K\u00f6hn\u0259 \u0130bi\u015f, B\u0259zirgan, D\u0259l\u0259ver, K\u00f6hn\u0259 Q\u0131z\u0131lda\u015f, C\u0259b\u0259ci k\u0259ndl\u0259ri T\u00fcrkiy\u0259 t\u0259r\u0259fd\u0259 qalm\u0131\u015f, yerd\u0259 qalan 26 k\u0259nd Erm\u0259nistana qat\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131.<\/p>\n
\u015e\u00f6r\u0259yel Milli \u015euras\u0131n\u0131n s\u0259dri \u018fs\u0259dulla A\u011f\u00fcz\u00fcm 1945-ci ild\u0259 v\u0259fat etmi\u015f, Qarsdak\u0131 Ortaqap\u0131 m\u0259h\u0259ll\u0259si q\u0259biristanl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda d\u0259fn edilmi\u015fdir. A\u011fbaba Milli \u015euras\u0131n\u0131n s\u0259dri K\u0259rb\u0259lay\u0131 M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259d a\u011fa 1952-ci ild\u0259 v\u0259fat etmi\u015f, \u0259sg\u0259ri t\u00f6r\u0259nl\u0259 K\u00f6hn\u0259 \u0130bi\u015f q\u0259biristanl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda d\u0259fn edilmi\u015fdir.<\/p>\n
\u00dcmumiyy\u0259tl\u0259, milli m\u00fccadil\u0259 ill\u0259rind\u0259 C\u0259nub-Q\u0259rbi Qafqazda 12 milli \u015fura m\u00f6vcud olmu\u015fdur ki, onlar\u0131n h\u0259r birinin f\u0259aliyy\u0259ti m\u00fc\u015ft\u0259r\u0259k tariximizin parlaq s\u0259hif\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259ndir.<\/p>\n
Nazim MUSTAFA,<\/p>\n
AMEA Tarix \u0130nstitutunun b\u00f6y\u00fck elmi i\u015f\u00e7isi, D\u00f6vl\u0259t m\u00fckafat\u0131 laureat\u0131<\/p>\n
M\u0259nb\u0259: http:\/\/www.azerbaijan-news.az\/index.php?mod=3&id=93539<\/p>\n